Due to security we are not allowed to create the DB link. You don't need to use dynamic SQL within your package to do that. Remove the leftover variables from the first example that aren't used anymore in your second example. When the number of select-list items or place-holders for input host variables is unknown until run time, your program must use a descriptor. Example 7-15 Setup for SQL Injection Examples. -- because it uses concatenation to build WHERE clause. I'm sure you could extend this yourself to include a check for TIMESTAMPs and the appropriate conversions. Use the OPEN FOR, FETCH, and CLOSE statements. The following PREPARE statement, which uses the '%' wildcard, is also correct: The DECLARE statement defines a cursor by giving it a name and associating it with a specific query. In new applications, use the RETURNINGINTOclause. If the dynamic SQL statement is a SELECT statement that returns multiple rows, native dynamic SQL gives you these choices: Use the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement with the BULK COLLECT INTO clause. Thank you so much, Alex! we take the number of columns that are common across all tables at the same. It then stores this information in the select descriptor. The text is copied into the conversion result. 1,abc,100 Share Improve this answer Follow edited May 6, 2014 at 3:39 Jon Heller 34.3k 6 77 131 answered Oct 30, 2009 at 16:42 Doug Porter 7,701 4 39 54 16 In these situations, you must use native dynamic SQL instead of the DBMS_SQL package: The dynamic SQL statement retrieves rows into records. (Bind variables also improve performance. It does not fully work if the number or xmltype columns are null but an addition of a decode around these should do the trick. For more information about SQL cursor attributes, see "Cursors Overview". But it doesn't work, Then I got It is also easier to code as compared to earlier means. The DBMS_SQL.GET_NEXT_RESULT procedure gets the next result that the DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT procedure returned to the recipient. Example 7-9 Querying a Collection with Native Dynamic SQL. Array Formal Parameter. A more common approach would be to have a separate procedure for each table, or a case statement in the procedure to have a separate insert statement for each table, with appropriate tests for primary key and not null constraints. The procedure in this example is invulnerable to SQL injection because it builds the dynamic SQL statement with bind variables (not by concatenation as in the vulnerable procedure in Example 7-16). are there any ways to create an insert statement dynamically in Oracle? By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The term select-list item includes column names and expressions. table1 is owned by Foo. There is a kind of dynamic SQL statement that your program cannot process using Method 3. When you store the PL/SQL block in the string, omit the keywords EXEC SQL EXECUTE, the keyword END-EXEC, and the statement terminator. Use the FETCH statement to retrieve result set rows one at a time, several at a time, or all at once. Is the amplitude of a wave affected by the Doppler effect? I have used very limited data-types in the solution (number, date and varchar2 only). (Input host variables are also called bind variables.). The SQL statement must not be a query. Placeholders are associated with bind variables in the USING clause by position, not by name. As a result, ANSI-style Comments extend to the end of the block, not just to the end of a line. Example 7-14 uses the DBMS_SQL.TO_CURSOR_NUMBER function to switch from native dynamic SQL to the DBMS_SQL package. For more than 20 years Oracle PL/SQL has had a cursor FOR LOOP that gets rid of OPEN / FETCH / IF %NOT_FOUND / CLOSE. If you supply a bind descriptor, the DESCRIBE BIND VARIABLES statement examines each place-holder in a prepared dynamic SQL statement to determine its name, length, and the datatype of its associated input host variable. SQL> create table table_a (id, c_descr, c_sql) as 2 select 3, 'EMP', 'select count . It works well. A SQLDA is a host-program data structure that holds descriptions of select-list items or input host variables. Again, sorry about the uber long delay We ended up shoving this project to the backlog. The classic example of this technique is bypassing password authentication by making a WHERE clause always TRUE. Then Oracle executes the SQL statement. The four methods are increasingly general. No - the insert comment is a SQL Developer/SQLcl feature. looping the record one by one. To process the dynamic SQL statement, your program must issue the DESCRIBE BIND VARIABLES command and declare another kind of SQLDA called a bind descriptor to hold descriptions of the place-holders for the input host variables. Hi All , You need to remember that this solution was initially from 2008. when you OPEN EMPCURSOR, you will process the dynamic SQL statement stored in DELETE-STMT, not the one stored in SELECT-STMT. Not the answer you're looking for? The performance improvement is achieved by removing the overhead of parsing the dynamic statements on reuse. Connor and Chris don't just spend all day on AskTOM. The DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT has two overloads: The rc parameter is either an open cursor variable (SYS_REFCURSOR) or the cursor number (INTEGER) of an open cursor. First you should build an algorithm to read those two parameter, check if both is valid SQL query, and l_query is suitable to run l_insert_query . Host programs that accept and process dynamically defined SQL statements are more versatile than plain embedded SQL programs. Modes of other parameters are correct by default. @Code Maybe Maybe we use the same old textbook XD. The cursor is then closed. You have 90% of what you need - seriously. To try the examples, run these statements. Because dummy host variables are just place-holders, you do not declare them and can name them anything you like (hyphens are not allowed). Statement modification means deliberately altering a dynamic SQL statement so that it runs in a way unintended by the application developer. Because this will be called from outside the app, I should be using bind variables. If it is, please let us know via a Comment. I've got this working ok. but I'd like to be able to return the id of the new record created so I can return it from my main function. Description of "Figure 9-1 Choosing the Right Method". Similarly, if a user enters the name of a table to be deleted, check that this table exists by selecting from the static data dictionary view ALL_TABLES. The PREPARE statement parses the dynamic SQL statement and gives it a name. Note that in dynamic SQL Method 4, a host array cannot be bound to a PL/SQL procedure with a parameter of type "table.". Native dynamic SQL processes most dynamic SQL statements with the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement. In Example 7-4, Example 7-5, and Example 7-6, the dynamic PL/SQL block is an anonymous PL/SQL block that invokes a subprogram that has a formal parameter of a PL/SQL collection type. After you convert a SQL cursor number to a REF CURSOR variable, DBMS_SQL operations can access it only as the REF CURSOR variable, not as the SQL cursor number. As a rule, use the simplest method you can. The two procedures return results in the same order. But for large data set , it is taking very long time. This example creates a procedure that is vulnerable to statement modification and then invokes that procedure with and without statement modification. 00933. I get all those from all_tab_columns and can buid. For information about using static SQL statements with PL/SQL, see PL/SQL Static SQL. If my -Guess- about the requirement is right, that is what exactly the query I gave above does. For example, Oracle makes no distinction between the following two strings. Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information about DBMS_ASSERT subprograms, Example 7-20 Validation Checks Guarding Against SQL Injection. But I did come across another project with the same problem as this one. "However - what about D, what if t2 has D=1 and t3 has D=2 for the same a,b values?". If you supply a select descriptor, the DESCRIBE SELECT LIST statement examines each select-list item in a prepared dynamic query to determine its name, datatype, constraints, length, scale, and precision. If select statements really contain group by clauses, then result isn't just a single value, but set of them. Use ANSI dynamic SQL for LOB applications and all other new applications. which improves performance. First, I create a curosr for select column's name which from a customed table. Sorry, but I'm not understanding your problem. where emp.dept_id=dept.dept_id Use the OPEN FOR, FETCH, and CLOSE statements. you can create insert statment,through spooling. The most effective way to make your PL/SQL code invulnerable to SQL injection attacks is to use bind variables. If you use dynamic SQL in your PL/SQL applications, you must check the input text to ensure that it is exactly what you expected. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. DECLARE STATEMENT declares the name of a dynamic SQL statement so that the statement can be referenced by PREPARE, EXECUTE, DECLARE CURSOR, and DESCRIBE. Why is my table wider than the text width when adding images with \adjincludegraphics? Instead, you must wait for runtime to complete the SQL statement and then parse and execute it. They can be different; for example: The preceding EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement runs this SQL statement: To associate the same bind variable with each occurrence of :x, you must repeat that bind variable; for example: If the dynamic SQL statement represents an anonymous PL/SQL block or a CALL statement, repetition of placeholder names is significant. -- Check validity of column name that was given as input: -- Invoke raise_emp_salary from a dynamic PL/SQL block: -- Invoke raise_emp_salary from a dynamic SQL statement: service_type='Anything' AND date_created> DATE '2010-03-29', ORA-06512: at "SYS.GET_RECENT_RECORD", line 21. For example, the following host strings qualify: With Method 1, the SQL statement is parsed every time it is executed (regardless of whether you have set HOLD_CURSOR=YES). This example lists all employees who are managers, retrieving result set rows one at a time. If the statement affects no rows, then the values of the variables are undefined. But I can't speak to the validity of the semantics. In the following example, the input SQL statement contains the place-holder n: With Method 2, you must know the datatypes of input host variables at precompile time. Share Improve this answer Follow The EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement is the means by which native dynamic SQL processes most dynamic SQL statements. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Except for multi-row queries, the dynamic string can . The command is followed by a character string (host variable or literal) containing the SQL statement to be executed, which cannot be a query. By enabling the new option, the statement cache will be created at session creation time. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. go for it - you are a programmer right? Bind variables can be evaluated in any order. Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for more information about DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT, Oracle Call Interface Programmer's Guide for information about C and .NET support for implicit query results, SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference for information about SQL*Plus support for implicit query results, Oracle Database Migration Guide for information about migrating subprograms that use implicit query results, Example 7-11 DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT Procedure. You must put all host variables in the USING clause. I have written the below procedure and it works fine in terms of the result and for small data set. You cannot FETCH from a PL/SQL block because it might contain any number of SQL statements. TheDBMS_SQLpackage defines an entity called aSQL cursor number. The number of place-holders for input host variables and the datatypes of the input host variables must be known at precompile time. now this output would be containing all columns from all the tables used in query.. Using explicit locale-independent format models to construct SQL is recommended not only from a security perspective, but also to ensure that the dynamic SQL statement runs correctly in any globalization environment. To represent a dynamic SQL statement, a character string must contain the text of a valid DML or DDL SQL statement, but not contain the EXEC SQL clause, host-language delimiter or statement terminator. This example uses an uninitialized variable to represent the reserved word NULL in the USING clause. The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. When checking the validity of a user name and its password, always return the same error regardless of which item is invalid. Executing DESCRIBE BIND VARIABLES stores information about input and output host variables in the bind descriptor. For example, your program might simply prompt users for a search condition to be used in the WHERE clause of a SELECT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Oracle - Insert into tables using dynamic queries, The philosopher who believes in Web Assembly, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. EXECUTE resets the SQLWARN warning flags in the SQLCA. The error message is very ambiguous and I have a feeling it's about the execeute immediate command like I may not be using it correctly. A generic bind SQLDA contains the following information about the input host variables in a SQL statement: Maximum number of place-holders that can be DESCRIBEd, Actual number of place-holders found by DESCRIBE, Addresses of buffers to store place-holder names, Sizes of buffers to store place-holder names, Addresses of buffers to store indicator-variable names, Sizes of buffers to store indicator-variable names, Current lengths of indicator-variable names. This method lets your program accept or build a dynamic SQL statement, then process it using the PREPARE and EXECUTE commands. It briefly describes the capabilities and limitations of each method, then offers guidelines for choosing the right method. Method 4 provides maximum flexibility, but requires complex coding and a full understanding of dynamic SQL concepts. Thanks for your help! You are creating a procedure where the compiler automatically converts parameters to bound variables. If you repeat placeholder names in dynamic SQL statements, be aware that the way placeholders are associated with bind variables depends on the kind of dynamic SQL statement. That is, you know which tables might be changed, the constraints defined for each table and column, which columns might be updated, and the datatype of each column. I will try to replace all old loop with the new for loop. In this example, the dynamic PL/SQL block is an anonymous PL/SQL block that invokes a subprogram that has a formal parameter of the PL/SQL collection type nested table. STATEMENT-NAME is an identifier used by the precompiler, not a host or program variable, and should not be declared in a COBOL statement. For example, a simple program might prompt the user for an employee number, then update rows in the EMP and DEPT tables. To open a cursor and get its cursor number, invoke the DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR function. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Oracle does not recognize the null terminator as an end-of-string marker. A datetime or numeric value that is concatenated into the text of a dynamic SQL statement must be converted to the VARCHAR2 data type. You did away with the temp table so it seemed simpler overall than your first example. I also faced the same situation i.e i has to generate "Insert statements dynamically".So wrote a query for that The query is : Code by HTH is useful, but need some improvements, e.g. How can we optimize it. Example 7-13 uses the DBMS_SQL.TO_REFCURSOR function to switch from the DBMS_SQL package to native dynamic SQL. Content Discovery initiative 4/13 update: Related questions using a Machine Insert results of a stored procedure into a temporary table, Simple PL/SQL to check if table exists is not working, Nested tables: Insert values into specific columns of nested table, Oracle insert into using select to add first row and return columns without using pl/sql stored procedure, Oracle returning statement for an insert into operation with 'select from' source, How to intersect two lines that are not touching. Example 7-13 Switching from DBMS_SQL Package to Native Dynamic SQL. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. A new window will open with the required statement, what we need to do is to put the INSERT statement in one line by removing all the new line characters, up to the "Values" keyword. I'm lazy so I started by reviewing your second example. Example 7-6 Dynamically Invoking Subprogram with Varray Formal Parameter. */. Then, I want to open the cursor and insert into a table which column's name come from the cursor. To process this kind of dynamic query, your program must issue the DESCRIBE SELECT LIST command and declare a data structure called the SQL Descriptor Area (SQLDA). DBMS_SQL.OPEN_CURSOR has an optional parameter, treat_as_client_for_results. If one of the host variables in the USING clause is an array, all must be arrays. How do philosophers understand intelligence? LOAD_THIS:: v_sql set. table2 is owned by Bar. where HOST-VARIABLE-LIST stands for the following syntax: EXECUTE executes the parsed SQL statement, using the values supplied for each input host variable. The same binding technique fixes the vulnerable procedure shown in Example 7-17. Figure 9-1 shows how to choose the right method. PL/SQL provides two ways to write dynamic SQL: Native dynamic SQL, a PL/SQL language (that is, native) feature for building and running dynamic SQL statements, DBMS_SQL package, an API for building, running, and describing dynamic SQL statements. If the dynamic SQL statement represents a SELECT statement that returns multiple rows, you can process it with native dynamic SQL as follows: Use an OPEN FOR statement to associate a cursor variable with the dynamic SQL statement. */. The DBMS_SQL.TO_REFCURSOR function converts a SQL cursor number to a weak cursor variable, which you can use in native dynamic SQL statements. So, like a SQL statement, a PL/SQL block can be stored in a string host variable or literal. You can also export the data in SQL Loader format as well. This is not true when RELEASE_CURSOR=YES is also specified, because the statement has to be prepared again before each execution. For example, the following host strings qualify: This method lets your program accept or build a dynamic SQL statement, then process it using descriptors (discussed in "Using Oracle Method 4"). Are there anyways to create a dynamic insert statement in Oracle, or it's impossible? One datetime format model is "text". EXECUTE IMMEDIATE DBMS_SQL.EXECUTE (dynamic_sql_string)- It provides more functionality and control over EXECUTE IMMEDIATE, We can parse the incoming table name and column name. Dynamic Insert Statement - Oracle Forums SQL & PL/SQL Dynamic Insert Statement User_1M3BR May 19 2021 edited May 19 2021 Hi, There is a requirement to dynamically pick the filter condition from table and then insert the data in another table. This method lets your program accept or build a dynamic query then process it using the PREPARE command with the DECLARE, OPEN, FETCH, and CLOSE cursor commands. For example, you can use the DBMS_ASSERT.ENQUOTE_LITERAL function to enclose a string literal in quotation marks, as Example 7-20 does. Before passing a REF CURSOR variable to the DBMS_SQL.TO_CURSOR_NUMBER function, you must OPEN it. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. The use of bind descriptors with Method 4 is detailed in your host-language supplement. Select * from employee emp , department dept , salary sal insert into t values ( 10 ); or forall i in 1 .. 10 insert into t values ( l_variable ); would not work because nothing in the insert is being bulk-bound. Scripting on this page enhances content navigation, but does not change the content in any way. If the number of columns in a query select list is known, but the number of place-holders for input host variables is unknown, you can use the Method 4 OPEN statement with the following Method 3 FETCH statement: Conversely, if the number of place-holders for input host variables is known, but the number of columns in the select list is unknown, you can use the following Method 3 OPEN statement with the Method 4 FETCH statement: Note that EXECUTE can be used for non-queries with Method 4. In Example 7-12, the procedure get_employee_info uses DBMS_SQL.RETURN_RESULT to return two query results to a client program and is invoked dynamically by the anonymous block <