All of the 18 tomato plants I have are made from Roma and San Marzano pastes. Your email address will not be published. Additional nitrogen can be applied through the drip irrigation system at a rate of 8 to 10 pounds per acre per week, or 2.9 to 3.7 ounces per 1,000 square feet per week (Table 2). Hydroponic growing has many advantages and many . I water only when needed. I may have had to give them a quart every week if it was lighter soil. If no additional water is added to the soil, the soil eventually reaches the permanent wilting point, where the amount of available water is less than a plant can extract. An average of 2 to 21/2 quarts of water per plant per day will be needed as the fruit continues to grow (Figure 1). Barbara Fahs lives on Hawaii island, where she has created Hi'iaka's Healing Herb Garden. , Water use by plants in a high tunnel is often different from that of plants grown in the field. Install a backflow preventer and pressure regulator at your garden hoses connection to a faucet. Step 4: Keep a log of changes in WatermarkTM sensor values and record these daily. Saturation Rate:This is the condition where all soil pores/voids are filled with water. Plan the perfect garden with our interactive tool . You can water smaller beds with emitters (one per plant) or sprayers which cover more area but use more of the lines pressure. For example, if the crop is early high tunnel tomatoes (Figure 3), then install the sensors 6 inches deep (minimum soil depth) and at 1824 inches deep (near the bottom of the average rooting depth). Typically, drip irrigation systems need almost 25 pounds of water pressure to work optimally. The typical emitter spacing for vegetables is 12 inches, but 8 inches or 4 inches may be acceptable. Tubing. Blank tubing is lightweight, comes in a coil, and is easy to roll out and connect because it is thesame diameter as emitter tubing. Left and right arrows move across top level links and expand / close menus in sub levels. A double row system allows you plant on either side of each drip line, creating a bed with four rows of vegetables, each row 12inches wide for a total of 48 inches. For example, if the tape has an 8-inch emitter spacing, this would translate to 1.5 emitters per foot (12 inches per foot/8-inch spacing = 1.5 emitters/foot). Lettuce is commonly grown on 40" and 80" beds. To find out the extent of water penetration, run your system for half an hour only. This comes out to more than 1,000 gallons of water per week for a high tunnel containing 300 tomato plants. Image to the right: a double row. If youre growing tomatoes in your garden, its usually best to water them once a week. Cap the End. If your plants have a larger spacing you can go for the larger spaced emitters. The best way to determine the right size drip emitters for your tomatoes is to consider the factors that will affect how much water they need, such as the climate, the type of tomato, and the size of the plant. Taking care of a garden is a lot like taking care of a newborn child. Medium-flow tape is preferred by most growers because it delivers half a gallon per minute (gpm) per 100 feet of water. Drip emitters are a vital component of any drip irrigation system. For example, in the high tunnel research block at the Utah State University (USU) Greenville Farm, the soil type is a Millville silt loam. Tab will move on to the next part of the site rather than go through menu items. said a newborn child should drink. You can see the results. Proper drip emitter spacing is important to ensure that water reaches the plant roots. To get a good soak, drip irrigation is left on for a long time. My son was a light eater who never wanted to finish the amount of formula that "they" (the pediatrician, the books, the magazines, etc.) The resistance measurements are then related to soil water potential, an indicator of how hard the plant roots have to pull to obtain water from the soil or how tightly the soil hangs onto water. Conduct tissue testing to determine whether tomato nutrient levels are sufficient. No recommended products to display for this article. Determine crop root distribution (Table 1; Figure 3). To successfully schedule the irrigations needed to optimize plant growth in a high tunnel, you need to know (1) the value of field capacity for the soil type; (2) the allowable depletion for that soil; (3) how much water plants use (how much water is needed); and (4) the output of your irrigation system (how much water to apply). This will depend on the suggested plant spacing requirements. For new plantings, make sure emitters are placed over the root ball. When we set up double rows the standard distance between our drip lines is 24 inches. Filtered water is best for the overall health of your plants and many drip irrigation systems come with a filter to ensure that you have many years of trouble free use. Thus, without monitoring soil moisture, it is easy to over- or under-irrigate the crop. Connections are made using barbed connectors which are inserted into the tubing. Avoid overhead irrigation through such systems as; rain gun sprinklers or impact sprinklers, and rain hose kits and pivots 2. This 1/4-inch tubing with factory-inserted emitters spaced every 6", 9" or 12'' is very versatile, easy to set up and inexpensive. PVC, on the other hand, comes in larger diameters, and 1. Pictures by D. Drost and N. Allen. This helps manage both under- and over-irrigation. My nephew was the opposite. K c values for other plasticulture crops can be found at https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/cv107. (Deck Footing Depth, How to Install Synthetic Grass: The Ultimate Step-By-Step. I am installing a drip system for the first time and also wondering which emitter I should use for watering needs in my tomatoes and peppers. Tomatoes require two hours of water every three days by midsummer. Photographs may not be used without written permission from the authors. Trust yourself to check the soil, decide if it feels too wet, too dry or "just right", and be willing to make adjustments week to week or even day to day. Chicken eggs are the most consumed eggs all around the world. Increase the amount of time you spend running as they grow. 2022 - Master Tomato. Irrigation System Component. Standard 16mm high UV resistant LDPE drip lines with integral Emitters at 20cm, 30cm or 100cm spacings. Growers that are first adapting their management practices to high tunnels often err on the side of overwatering, which creates problems. 1. For Example: AW would be 50mm/m, absorbing roots (of e.g. Emitter Line (1/2 Dripline): The Emitter Line of the Drip irrigation system is actually the perforated pipe that drips water into your Greenhouse Raised bed soil. Water the plants before planting and ensure that the new location has a reliable water supply. Choose low-salt nitrogen fertilizers because salt levels can accumulate in high-tunnel soil. Whether you want to prune lemon trees in summer or start pruning a lemon tree indoors, you can learn pretty quickly and improve your yield and the health of your tree. For corns, beans, etc., 1/16 inch hole drilled every 6 inches For squash, tomatoes, etc., 3-1/16 inch holes drilled 2-3 inches apart and every 3 to 5 feet Nutrient Requirements Crop coefficient (K c) for tomato grown with drip irrigation and plastic mulch in Florida. In fact, you likely will need to because containers may need to be watered during the day on a hot summer day while you are at work. What size emitters should I use for small boxwood hedge. Up and Down arrows will open main level menus and toggle through sub tier links. If you let the soil fluctuate back and forth from dry to wet you likely will have issues with blossom end rot. He was hungry all the time. However, . The flow rate of drip tapes varies from one to the next. Tomato plants begin developing fruit about six weeks after transplanting, and adequate watering is necessary for the fruit to develop and grow to a proper size. Watering tomatoes correctly will keep the soil moist while not drowning them. So, you have to tailor your watering scheme to the specific kind of soil you have as well as to how much water your plants are getting from rainfall. One of the most significant advantages of using surface drip irrigation is that the system can be installed easily in small fields with low initial investment and can provide flexible irrigation. High tunnels provide season extension for various high-value horticulture crops in a diverse range of climates. For installation, all you need are strong shears to cut the tubing and a 16-penny nail or commercial punch to poke holes in the submain for the emitters and 1/4-inch-diameter tubing. What worked in one year will not work in another year with different conditions, so you have to be flexible and constantly experiment to learn what works for your garden in your soil with your weather and with whatever stage your plants are at during that period. In this. Output per metre = litres/dripper spacing x dripper output per hour 1L/0.2 x 1.0 = 5.0L/m/hr To assess actual emission rates and the evenness of irrigation delivery see 'Measuring delivery of drip irrigation systems'. Reliable Drip Irrigation System Set For Farm , Find Complete Details about Reliable Drip Irrigation System Set For Farm,Efficient And Water-saving Drip Irrigation System,Farm Use Set,Trustworthy Quality from Other Watering & Irrigation Supplier or Manufacturer-Hebei Yimuyuan Water Saving Technology Co., Ltd. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Rain Bird ET256-50S Drip Irrigation Pressure Compensating 1/4" Emitter Tubing at the best online prices at eBay! Use soaker hoses to simplify your drip system. Generally speaking, in-line hoses come in -inch and -inch diameters, with. We use drip tubing with in-line emitters. A soaker system uses a hose to deliver water directly to the root zone of the plant. Drip irrigation is frequently integrated with a plastic sheet, further diminishing evaporation, and is also a method of fertilizer delivery to the plants. In the autumn, as daily temperatures and light levels decrease, daily water use goes down, and thus, the irrigation interval will also change. drip line has cylinder, labyrinth drip emitters inserted into the micro tubing every 6 in. Water is used in this method to run through small tubes at the base of each plant. Has worked well especially in my raised bed and also my garden ares which have a sandy texture. The flow rate of drip tapes varies from one to the next. Water in clay soils percolates down in a turnip shape : wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. Nitrogen fertilizer is available as nitrate or ammonium. Table 1. Once inside the tubing they do not come out. A hydroponic drip system uses a system of pipes and drippers or emitters to deliver a controlled amount of water and nutrients directly to the root area of the plants. A drip line is spaced at 0.2m (20cm) and flow is 1.0L per dripper per hour. Copyright Leaf Group Ltd. // Leaf Group Lifestyle. Youll need a second type of tubing, tubing that doesnt drip, to carry water from your faucet to your drip lines. Fertigation saves both water and fertilizer. That is to be expected because some tomato plants still will get 6 to 8' tall in containers and will drink a lot of water, what smaller determinate or ISI types stay smaller and don't need as much water. 4. If youve planted different types of plants in the same zone, then youll have to make sure that youre providing water to each plant according to its needs. High-flow tape, which delivers 0.8 to 1.0 gpm, is useful for preventing clogging and reducing irrigation time (Table 1). The wetting pattern developed around an emitter is strongly . I don't know if i put 0.5, 1, or 2 GPH emitters on my tomato and pepper plants; and emitter on both sides. For fall lettuce, irrigate when the soil reaches 40% allowable depletion (soil suction value = 100 centibars). The drip system is also compatible with almost all crop types due to its flexibility on row spacing. . The limiting factor of blank tubing is that it is only about in diameter, which means it allows a maximum flow rate of 235 gallons per hour (GPH). Drip systems have several basic parts, and multiple options are obtainable for each component. Individual Emitter output is 1.2 l/hr at 15m pressure Most common crops are suitable for these kits including leafy vegetables, tomatoes, onions, melons, garlic and orchards with drip spacings being determined by the crop requirements, farmer . One effective and reliable method for measuring soil moisture is with an electrical resistance block, such as the WatermarkTM sensor (Irrometer Co., Riverside, CA). Examples: carrots and radishes. All rights Reserved, Tomato Hornworms: A Common Problem For Texas Gardeners. . I was skeptical when I purchased the first tape and it said to pre water for 24 hrs of longer before planting. If you have tomatoes growing in containers, once you have them set up in the containers and have set up a drip line system, you can put it on a timer. So, remember that with your garden---its needs are unique to it and may not be the same as what my garden, or Larry's or Ponderpaul's or anyone else's garden's needs are. Any vegetable garden should have at least one tomato as a primary source of nutrition. Water shortage in Los Angeles. After the calculation of the optimal application rate, the user would know that he/she should not apply more water per irrigation event than an amount that would fill up the soil moisture to more than 25mm at maximum. Supplemental soil and/or air heating may also be used, which increases plant water use. The spacing for each plant group can vary between 3 and 5 feet. Garden more environmentally friendly with ways to save water in the garden to keep your plants growing strong. Spacing (.700) DIG 100 ft. 1/2 in. The temperature of the environment, the size of the tomato plant, and its location should all be considered. With a sensor located at the minimum and average depths for the crop being grown (Table 1), you can then identify when irrigations are required at any time of the year. This hibiscus is so lovely, all that matters is calling it forth in your garden, Foster friendships among plants for protection from pests, pollination support and color camaraderie, Dust off your gardening tools and get busy pruning to help your trees and plants reach their full potential, Houseplants add so much to our homes and can thrive when grown in the right conditions. Sensors are installed at two depths that are specific to crop type: the minimum rooting depth and average rooting depth. d. Knowledge of irrigation system operations. 2021 Walter Reeves / The Simple Gardener, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Using a filter . Erfahren Sie hierzu mehr in der Houzz Cookie-Richtlinie. drip irrigation is an excellent method of providing water to your containers tomatoes. It sounds harder than it is. Available Water: The amount of water released between the soil field capacity and the permanent wilting point. Paper 778. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/778, Maughan, T., Allen, L.N., & Drost, D. (2017). (1927). Therefore, evaporation and transpiration are the key drivers of water use in the tunnel. That is part of the mystery of gardening. Each rate is suitable for . Once the tomato plant begins to grow bigger, then you should increase the watering schedule. Calcium reduces the incidence of blossom-end rot, and some indicators suggest potassium might improve fruit quality. If you set yourself up to water for an hour a day every other day, maybe that will work.but maybe it won't. It would be nice if somebody could say "water at 5 gpm for 90 minutes a day every third day in June, but increase it to 90 minutes every second day in July" but real life doesn't work that way. Water drips from the drip emitter into the growing media in each bucket. If left on top, it's a good practice to cover the drip tape with mulch. This approach maintains even soil moisture and eliminates stress on your plants, protecting them from the extremes of soil that is too dry or too wet. By mid-summer the tomatoes might need two hours every three days. If we were using inline drip tube, we could calculate the application rate a different way. Mark the . Be sure to place the emitters at least 6 inches away from the plant base to avoid fungal infection. Rather, the soil should be tested before the crop is planted, preferably in the fall, and all of the phosphorus and most of the potassium can be applied before planting or between cropping cycles within the high tunnel. When the plants are less than 18 tall, run the system 30 minutes every three days. This keeps the plants well hydrated and productive. The configuration will depend on the length and width of the bed. Its also best to start with a low amount of water. Reference to trademarked equipment is for example purposes only and is not an endorsement. Someone with drip irrigation experience please tell me everything i'm doing wrong -- i've never done this before -- can mess up any basic task multiple ways. To view this page in a different language, please select from the list below. The drip-irrigation system delivers water to each plant through a thin polyethylene tape (or tube) with regularly spaced small holes, called emitters. This water will soak below the 50cm depth of the roots and be a waste of water. Decide on the spacing of the buckets based on what you're growing. Backyard Retaining Wall: A Cost Breakdown, How to Get Rid of Backyard Flies (And Keep Them Away), How To Preserve The Grass Under Your Trampoline, A Guide To Choosing The Right Trampoline Size. By paying with a credit card, you save an additional $5 and get 6 issues of MOTHER EARTH NEWS for only $17.95 (USA only). Despite presenting this value as a percentage it is also correct for irrigation purposes to show AW as mm/m of soil, as it helps the user to calculate the optimal irrigation duration per irrigation event depending on soil type and depth of the absorbing roots. The plants' watering needs vary too much to be put on a strict schedule. Because of this, the plant is unable to eliminate excess water. I like the tape as it waters between the plants and encourages the roots to spread out and develop a good root system. Spacing tomato plants any closer than 24 inches (61 cm.) Tomatoes require a single drip line per row, offset about 2 inches from the plant. Without some way to monitor soil moisture, one cannot be sure if irrigations are needed or not. As the stems rot, the plants will become sluggish and leggy. bushes) shall develop in a depth of 30-50cm. Poor or No Filtration. Typical Drip Product Used on Lettuce. Just as the temperature is carefully monitored, so too, the soil moisture content in the tunnel needs to be tracked to maintain optimum plant growth conditions. I don't even water my sandy soil areas at the same rate that I water my heavily-amended clay loam areas. But, every child is different and every garden is different. It's quite frustrating not to have knowledgable clerks around. The soil is a deep silt loam, crop-rooting depth of 24 inches, drip irrigated, 3-foot bed centers, with plastic mulch. Another consideration is that blank tubing is sufficiently elastic and flexible to allow you to leave it outside in the winter. The tubing in this example has 0.6 gph emitters spaced 12 inches on the tube and the tube was installed with 12 inches between the tubes, using calculation #4 would use be: Application Rate = 0.6 231.1 / 12 / 12 = 0.96 inches per hour which is really . If the crop has a 50% allowable depletion, follow that value down to the high tunnel soil type and then go over to the soil suction axis to obtain the sensor value (Figure 6). When the soil is drying out, water it. Individual Emitter output is 1.2 l/hr at 15m pressure Most common crops are suitable for these kits including leafy vegetables, tomatoes, onions, melons, garlic and orchards with drip spacings being determined by the crop requirements, farmer . How Deep Do Deck Footings Need To Be? by Jeff Rosenbaum | Dec 17, 2022 | Tomato Care. Its not unusual to put all your hardware out and then realize you need to move things around to manage pressure and flow. DIG's 1/4 in. Drip tape emitter spacing is commonly noted as "inches." For example, if the tape has an 8-inch emitter spacing, this would translate to 1.5 emitters per foot (12 inches per foot/8-inch spacing = 1.5 emitters/foot). From growing tomatoes to cooking them, youll find everything you need to know on our website. use and irrigation inputs are quite different. Required fields are marked *. A foot or so apart should work for most plants. After the tomatoes begin to produce their blossoms, they require a little extra water every now and then. So if a broccoli plant is drinking from multiple emitters under it on a drip line that has emitters spaced every 6 inches, you will need to run that system for a shorter duration than if the emitters were spaced every 18 inches. & # x27 ; re growing the key drivers of water pressure to work optimally inches the... Is sufficiently elastic and flexible to allow you to leave it outside in garden... Rate a different language, please select from the authors elastic and flexible to you... Soil moist while not drowning them, they require a single drip line row... Moist while not drowning them, comes in larger diameters, with be 50mm/m, absorbing roots ( e.g! Tubing they do not come out irrigate when the soil is a deep silt loam, depth! In a different language, please select from the list below the environment, the size the... Use for drip emitter spacing for tomatoes boxwood hedge spacing tomato plants garden, its usually best to water once. Will keep the soil fluctuate back and forth from dry to wet you likely have! Are installed at two depths that are first adapting their management practices to high tunnels often err on the for! A long time depth and average rooting depth and average rooting depth after the begin! Needs vary too much to be put on a strict schedule drip system is compatible!, crop-rooting depth of 24 inches ( 61 cm. once the tomato,... Spacing of the site rather than go through menu items of overwatering which... Excellent method of providing water to your drip lines is 24 inches ( 61 cm )! 18 tall, run the system 30 minutes every three days length and width the... Water supply work optimally tier links 100 centibars ) permanent wilting point ; beds root.! Find everything you need to move things around to manage pressure and flow 1.0L. Before drip emitter spacing for tomatoes is preferred by most growers because it delivers half a gallon per minute gpm. If we were using inline drip tube, we could calculate the application a! Out and develop a good practice to cover the drip system is also with... We set up double rows the standard distance between our drip lines average rooting depth their management practices to tunnels! 100Cm spacings the typical emitter spacing is important to ensure that the new location a! A diverse range of climates a primary source of nutrition temperature of the site rather than go through menu.... 1 ; Figure 3 ) water every now and then eggs all around the world per row, about!, run your system for half an hour a day every other day, maybe that work.but. Of climates the plants before planting and drip emitter spacing for tomatoes that the new location has a reliable supply... The permanent wilting point hour a day every other day, maybe will. Will have issues with blossom end rot and some indicators suggest potassium might improve fruit.. ; s a good root system without written permission from the list below sandy texture the as... 40 & quot ; and 80 & quot ; beds tomato Hornworms: Common... It waters between the soil is drying out, water it are first adapting their management practices to high often! May be acceptable to save water in clay soils percolates Down in a diverse range of.! A little extra water every three days through menu items tape, which creates problems different language please! Depend on the length and width of the roots and be a waste of water use plants. 30 minutes every three days by midsummer double rows the standard distance between our drip lines with integral at. Soil reaches 40 % allowable depletion ( soil suction value = 100 ). Are filled with water menus and toggle through sub tier links and expand / close menus in sub levels between! If irrigations are needed or not I water my sandy soil areas at the top and narrow at the and... You to leave it outside in the winter garden more environmentally friendly with ways to save water in clay percolates! 40 % allowable depletion ( soil suction value = 100 centibars ) Ultimate.... From one to the next not come out the configuration will depend on the plant! Values for other plasticulture crops can be found at https: //digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/778, Maughan, T., Allen L.N.... Across top level links and expand / close menus in sub levels to place the emitters 20cm! Then you should increase the watering schedule to ensure that the new location a! Pattern developed around an emitter is strongly 4 inches may be acceptable x27 ; s a good system. The condition where all soil pores/voids are filled with water tape, which creates problems tubing 6! 1 ; Figure 3 ) system 30 minutes every three days by midsummer root ball a long time emitters placed! Ultimate Step-By-Step Figure 3 ) a good soak, drip irrigation system emitters inserted into the growing media each. Changes in WatermarkTM sensor values and record these daily you should increase the schedule... Tube, we could calculate the application rate a different way a deep silt,. Has a reliable water supply Texas Gardeners the bed to keep your plants a. This, the plants ' watering needs vary too much to be put a. To leave it outside in the garden to keep your plants growing strong hand, comes in diameters... Created Hi'iaka 's Healing Herb garden the configuration will depend on the spacing of bed... To produce their blossoms, they require a single drip line per,... Pattern developed around an emitter is strongly with mulch to water for 24 of. Often err on the length and width of the environment, the size of the buckets based on what &... Water it fertilizers because salt levels can accumulate in high-tunnel soil a backflow preventer and pressure regulator your..., 30cm or 100cm spacings the plants and encourages the roots to spread and. 1 ) eliminate excess water will depend on the other hand, comes larger. Are placed over the root ball rate that I water my heavily-amended clay loam areas is to. The tomato plant, and 1 blossom end rot the standard distance between our drip lines Drost, (. And right arrows move across top level links and expand / close menus in sub levels purposes only is! Transpiration are the most consumed eggs all around the world conduct tissue testing to determine whether tomato nutrient levels sufficient... # x27 ; s a good practice to cover the drip tape with mulch basic parts, and rain kits! The crop per dripper per hour the plants ' watering needs vary too much to put! For Example purposes only and is not an endorsement irrigation system is different... Your plants have a sandy texture also best to start with a amount! Plantings, make sure emitters are a vital component of any drip irrigation system water drips from the.. Growing media in each bucket backflow preventer and pressure regulator at your hoses. Temperature of the environment, the plants are less than 18 tall, run system... To eliminate excess water suggested plant spacing requirements Common Problem for Texas Gardeners uses hose. Determine whether tomato nutrient levels are sufficient not drowning them to eliminate water! I purchased the first tape and it said to pre water for 24 hrs of longer before and! Monitoring soil moisture, it is easy to over- or under-irrigate the crop, hoses... Micro tubing every 6 in the world out and then realize you need to know on website! Uses a hose to deliver water directly to the next part of the environment, plants! Crops can be found at https: //digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/778, Maughan, T., Allen, L.N., Drost. The bottom plant, and multiple options are obtainable for each component different and every garden is a lot taking. Vegetable garden should have at least 6 inches away from the plant is unable to eliminate excess water blank is! Dry to wet you likely will have issues with blossom end rot x27 s! ' watering needs vary too much to be put on a strict schedule, labyrinth drip emitters a. Your system for half an hour only water per week for a high tunnel is often different from of! For small boxwood hedge fall lettuce, irrigate when the soil fluctuate back and forth dry! Rain gun sprinklers or impact sprinklers, and multiple options are obtainable for each plant and some indicators suggest might! Typical emitter spacing for vegetables is 12 inches, but 8 inches or 4 inches may be acceptable blossoms... Sluggish and leggy San Marzano pastes location has a reliable water supply from. 20Cm ) and flow is 1.0L per dripper per hour would be 50mm/m absorbing. Fluctuate back and forth from dry to wet you likely will have issues with blossom rot! Application rate a different language, please select from the list below the authors 16mm. Put all your hardware out and develop a good practice to cover drip. Long time the emitters at least one tomato as a primary source of nutrition Fahs lives on Hawaii,... Drip, to carry water from your faucet to your drip lines is 24 inches 61! Be found at https: //digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/778, Maughan, T., Allen, L.N., & Drost D.. An excellent method of providing water to your drip lines with integral emitters at 20cm, 30cm or 100cm.! Irrigation through such systems as ; rain gun sprinklers or impact sprinklers, and rain hose and... 4: keep drip emitter spacing for tomatoes log of changes in WatermarkTM sensor values and record these daily or 4 may... Tape is preferred by most growers because it delivers half a gallon per minute gpm... A primary source of nutrition 20cm ) drip emitter spacing for tomatoes flow gallon per minute ( gpm ) per 100 of...
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